Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

• Maria Jose Morilla,
• Kajal Ghosal and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30

• augmenting their dissolution rate, and in vitro–in vivo correlation is normally applied [31]. These drugs are suitable for sustained release and controlled release formulations that provide more stable and predictable plasma levels. Drug solubility can be increased by employing strategies from classical

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• anticancer drugs while mitigating the adverse effects of large dosage administration [6][7]. Additionally, it offers several advantages, such as controlled release, targeted drug delivery, and improved stability [8]. Moreover, nanoscale drug delivery systems hold great promise for specific cancer treatments

• thicker polymer layer may impede surface erosion. This aspect is crucial in drug release, as it can lead to a slower, more controlled release of the encapsulated drug [55]. Thus, the thickness of the PDA coating emerges as a pivotal factor influencing the release dynamics of the loaded drug [56]. Another

• tumor microenvironment triggers the controlled release of VNB. When combined with laser-induced photothermal therapy, this results in effective tumor elimination without recurrence. This mechanism holds immense promise for precise and targeted drug delivery. Moreover, VNB/PDA/Fe3O4 NPs exhibit

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• a hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 98 nm and a zeta potential of −25 mV. The myrcene-based nanoemulsion displayed a hydrodynamic diameter of 118 nm and a zeta potential of −20 mV. Notably, both nanoemulsions demonstrated stability over 60 days, accompanied by controlled release properties and

• constituents from oxidation, in addition to promoting better sensorial properties [13]. Moreover, the development of aqueous nanoemulsions would enable a better dispersion of vector control agents, inducing a controlled release and a possibly higher effectiveness in eliminating immature stages of mosquitoes

• concentrations (5 mg/L and 25 mg/L) compared to free cymene. This suggests that the encapsulation influences the bioactivity, potentially because of improved dispersion and controlled release of cymene. Similarly, free myrcene exhibited a concentration-dependent efficacy. Myrcene NEs consistently outperformed

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• exhibited excellent performance in repairing bone defects [3][26], healing diabetic foot ulcers [27], promoting hemostasis [28], acting as anti-leishmanial drugs [29], and inhibiting microbial agents [27][30]. Zhou et al. [31] developed hybrids of nanofibers and microparticles for dual-step controlled

• release of BBR, combining a fast-release step of BBR from hydrophilic polypyrrolidone nanofibers (47.9 wt % in the first hour) and a sustained-release step of BBR from the insoluble cellulose acetate microparticles (98.6 wt % for 60 h). In comparison with the aforementioned hybrid nanofibers, the release

Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review

• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Edijane Matos Sales and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4

• biological media, and a controlled release profile. Additionally, nanostructures, especially those smaller than 200 nanometers, are susceptible to uptake by the cells infected with the etiological agent of leishmaniasis. This ability allows an expressive increase in the leishmanicidal activity of curcumin

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• advantages of using this type of nanoparticles as nanocarriers are their potential use for drug controlled release, the ability to protect drugs and other molecules with biological activity against the environment, improvement of their bioavailability and therapeutic index [17]. These nanocarriers are

• . It can have one or multiple layers. Due to that, their size can range from 30 nm to the micrometer range [37]. As drug vehicles, they exhibit unique properties, such as protection of encapsulated compounds from physiological degradation, extended drug half-life, controlled release of the drug

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• microparticles. The incorporation of CUR within the versatile biomolecular platform MnCO3-HSA-MPs has not been previously reported. The obtained albumin microparticles are expected to enhance the water solubility of CUR, provide controlled release, and improve its biological activity. These peanut-shaped

• using a J-1500 spectropolarimeter (JASCO, Tokyo, Japan) in the wavelength range of 200 to 260 nm. The measurements were conducted at 25 °C in quartz cuvettes with an optical path of 0.1 mm at a scanning speed of 100 nm/min. In vitro controlled release studies of CUR-HSA-MPs A total of 1 mL of the

Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• studies. Along with enormous progress in preclinical studies including improved intratumor drug delivery, enhanced therapeutic efficacy, and controlled release of chemotherapeutics at tumor sites, researchers evaluated the therapeutic potential of ACNPs in clinical trials. A literature study demonstrated

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• -coated NPs carrying SPIONs have been engineered for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer and enabled MRI imaging of tumor tissue in mouse lung cancer tumor models. Moreover, this nanodelivery system also yielded controlled release in the TME and exerted a tumor-inhibitory effect through the

• imaging capabilities. The loading of lonidamine, which has anticancer function, and ᴅʟ-menthol, which exhibits controlled release, enabled the NPs to function more effectively in diagnosis and treatment. After encapsulation by the 4T1 breast cancer cell membrane, the NPs had good stability and were

Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics

• Sedat Ünal,
• Osman Doğan and
• Yeşim Aktaş

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115

• matrix. A value of β ≤ 0.75 indicates Fickian diffusion, while 0.75 < β < 1 indicates a combination of Fickian diffusion and controlled release [59]. The β value for the Weibull model was calculated as 0.594 for the DCX-PLGA NPs. According to the literature, when these data are examined within the scope

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• MNs for rapid or controlled release of the drug incorporated within the MNs. (D) Hollow MNs used to puncture the skin and enable the release of a liquid drug following active infusion or diffusion of the formulation through the needle bores. (E) Hydrogel-forming MNs take up interstitial fluids from

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• role in the controlled release of AgNPs at the implanted site and also behave as biocompatible scaffolds. Wang et al. (2019) developed a system containing hydroxyapatite and silver-based composites and electrodeposited those onto titanium implants and chitosan to regulate silver ion and calcium ion

• min [68] (Figure 4). Cancian et al. (2016) developed a novel bioactive scaffold based on a thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel. In this work, carbon nanotubes were used to stabilise the chitosan hydrogel, which offers mechanical strength and controlled release of protein therapeutics. The bioactivity of

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• mentioning here that the pH value of the reaction systems played an important role in the synthesis of GSH-Rh6G2. Rh6G2, as an ideal candidate for controlled-release molecular systems, shows little fluorescence (Figure 1b). In the absence of GNPs, the conjugation of GSH-Rh6G2 yields obvious fluorescence. The

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• acid-labile cholesteryl-modified pullulan nanogel that formed a complex with loaded bovine serum albumin and released it under acidic conditions [17]. Landfester et al. used a bio-orthogonal reaction to fabricate a dextran nanogel with pH-responsive hydrazine linkages allowing for a controlled release

Ethosomal (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate as a novel approach to enhance antioxidant, anti-collagenase and anti-elastase effects

• Çiğdem Yücel,
• Gökçe Şeker Karatoprak,
• Sena Yalçıntaş and
• Tuğba Eren Böncü

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 491–502, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.41

• Application and Research Center, Kayseri, Turkey 10.3762/bjnano.13.41 Abstract Controlled release systems containing natural compounds have been successfully applied in cosmetics as antiaging products to enhance the penetration of active compounds through the skin. In this study, we aimed to develop novel

• administration of the formulations to rats. It was stated that ETHs exhibited a controlled release rate, the levels of TBARs and MDA decreased in the groups supplemented with green tea extracts compared to those of the control group, and a greater decrease was observed in the transdermally administered groups

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• . Micro- and nanostructures including microspheres, NPs, nanofibers, nanotubes, and nanofilms have been designed to construct new scaffolds and or incorporated into the hydrogel network to provide a controlled release or enhanced mechanical characteristics. Many of these substructures are widely used for

• engineering cartilage tissue structures. 3.1.1 Application of microspheres in chondrogenic differentiation. Microspheres are used in drug delivery systems because of their spatiotemporally controlled release capabilities (see Table 2 below). They are small spherical particles from organic or inorganic

• compounds with diameters from 1 to 1000 μm prepared by physicochemical methods [20]. A microsphere-based controlled release strategy is extensively used in scaffold fabrication because of the remarkable ability of microparticles to serve as carriers for delivery of drugs, bioactive molecules, and growth

Effects of drug concentration and PLGA addition on the properties of electrospun ampicillin trihydrate-loaded PLA nanofibers

• Tuğba Eren Böncü and
• Nurten Ozdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 245–254, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.19

• mechanical properties are examined. The study will also contribute to the production of implantable systems of ampicillin trihydrate, a hydrophobic antibiotic, with a controlled release. Thus, it will allow improvement in treatment efficiency with lower doses of antibiotics, reduce systemic side effects

• the polymers added to PLA. As a result, the hydrophobic antibiotic ampicillin trihydrate had the lowest burst effect and the slowest controlled release with PLA/PLGA nanofibers compared to that of PLA, PCL and PLA/PCL nanofibers. As shown in Figure 5, the absence of the melting endotherm peak at

• , the amount of added drug, and PLGA. As a result, it is advantageous to produce PLA and PLA/PLGA nanofiber mats via electrospinning, with favorable encapsulation efficiency (approx. 90%) and mechanical properties and a tailored and controlled release for approx. ten days for the use in tissue

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• tailoring of TNTs are employed for delayed/controlled release of anti-inflammatory drugs. Chemical intercalation of the drugs inside the TNTs and the subsequent triggered release are other strategies applied for slow and controlled release [63]. Likewise, gelatin nps, along with the antibiotic vancomycin

• hindrance inside the tubular structure. This stage of drug release is known as sustained release. The controlled release of drugs is triggered by various external or internal stimuli. Changes in pH value, redox reactions, and enzyme activity are internal stimuli, while light, magnetic fields, and ultrasound

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• bioavailability of the encapsulated drug which allows controlled release. Additionally, the attached drug is protected from degradation, which allows an increased circulation time [6]. The targeting of specific tumor tissue is therefore achieved by an increased biodistribution process known as enhanced

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

• Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
• Norma J. Salazar-López,
• Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
• José R. Vega-Baudrit,
• J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
• Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
• Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
• Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
• Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

• improved pharmacokinetics. Their hydrophobicity makes them promising to achieve controlled release and targeted drug delivery to the mononuclear phagocyte system [65]. Effects on the stability of SLN have been reported during storage, mostly due to loss of the solid crystalline structure, which can cause

• treatments were significantly effective antiproliferative agents in concentrations of 12.5–100 μM, while the empty system (without CUR) showed no effect or potential toxicity. Subsequent experiements incorporated the nanoemulsion into an alginate microgel, which the authors argue may be useful as controlled

• -release delivery mechanisms. This study highlights the versatility of nanoemulsions since their performance can be fine-tuned with the aid of other systems, such as microgels. Nanosystems that respond to external stimuli In addition to their size and other advantages previously discussed, nanosystems can

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

• 200 nm as delivery vehicles in combination with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for targeted drug delivery in vivo. The small size of the liposomes allowed for the controlled release of the encapsulated drug. They reported that the application of HIFU (1.1 MHz) for 10 s could release ≈21% of

PEG/PEI-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes as delivery carriers for doxorubicin: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation

• Shuoye Yang,
• Zhenwei Wang,
• Yahong Ping,
• Yuying Miao,
• Yongmei Xiao,
• Lingbo Qu,
• Lu Zhang,
• Yuansen Hu and
• Jinshui Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1728–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.155

• chemotherapeutic agents to distinguish cancer cells from normal cells due to nonspecific distribution and lack of selectivity results in severe toxic side effects for health [1][2]. Therefore, a variety of nanoscale delivery systems have been designed for the controlled release of chemotherapy drugs to decrease

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

• efficient carriers for controlled release. The later work on capsule/lipid systems incorporated with neoglycolipid or folate-linked lipid showed high affinity to lectin (concanavalin A) and breast cancer cells (MCF-7) [109]. The efficient delivery of the daunorubicin hydrochloride (DNR) anticancer drug to

• control the internal structure, mechanical properties and permeability of the shell in order to induce the release of loaded cargo under exposure to external triggers. Several reports on strong PE capsules to date show their wide use in many practical applications ranging from the loading and controlled

• release of therapeutic agents upon minor variations in the environmental characteristics, surface modification and suppression of inter-chain interaction to the degradation/rearrangement of LbL films under the action of physical factors [19][20]. In spite of the fact that weak PE systems can also offer

Understanding nanoparticle flow with a new in vitro experimental and computational approach using hydrogel channels

• Armel Boutchuen,
• Dell Zimmerman,
• Abdollah Arabshahi,
• John Melnyczuk and
• Soubantika Palchoudhury

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 296–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.22

• controlled release of the drug [4][5]. NPs, particularly magnetic iron oxide NPs, are highly attractive for drug delivery because they have a higher circulation time compared to the conventional drugs and can be easily delivered to the diseased location through passive, active, or physical targeting [6]. The

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• therapeutic efficacy of this drug. Consequently, there is a need to associate CUR with carriers to ensure the delivery to the target site and thereby protect the drug from degradation, increase the solubility and provide controlled release as well as permeation, while maintaining biological activity [31][43